基于CAPP的XZ25.50箱體零件及專用夾具設(shè)計
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- 基于CAPP的XZ25.50箱體零件及專用夾具設(shè)計
1.畢業(yè)設(shè)計的背景:
CAPP(Computer Aided Process Planning,中文意思是計算機(jī)輔助工
藝規(guī)劃)是通過向計算機(jī)輸入被加工零件的原始數(shù)據(jù),加工條件和加工要
求,由計算機(jī)自動地進(jìn)行編碼,編程直至最后輸出經(jīng)過優(yōu)化的工藝規(guī)程卡
片的過程。
計算機(jī)利用計算機(jī)來進(jìn)行零件加工工藝過程的制訂,把毛輔助工藝規(guī)
劃坯加工成工程圖紙上所要求的零件,這一過程稱為計算機(jī)輔助工藝規(guī)劃
它是通過向計算機(jī)輸入被加工零件的幾何信息(形狀、尺寸等)和工藝信
息(材料、熱處理、批量等),由計算機(jī)自動輸出零件的工藝路線和工序
內(nèi)容等工藝文件的過程。
計算機(jī)輔助工藝規(guī)劃的內(nèi)容主要有:
①產(chǎn)品零件信息輸入;②毛坯選擇及毛坯圖生成;③定位夾緊方案選擇;
④加工方法選擇;⑤加工順序安排;⑥加工設(shè)備和工藝裝備確定;⑦工藝
參數(shù)計算;⑧工藝信息(文件)輸出。
2.畢業(yè)設(shè)計(論文)的內(nèi)容和要求:
內(nèi)容:根據(jù)變速箱箱體的結(jié)構(gòu)特點,在進(jìn)行充分論證的基礎(chǔ)上制定箱體的
加工工藝路線,計算各工序參數(shù),填寫加工工藝過程,設(shè)計針對該箱體銑
加工工序的專用夾具。并對箱體零件進(jìn)行分類編碼。
1.針對箱體類零件的特點及生產(chǎn)綱領(lǐng)合理編制零件工藝規(guī)程;
2.論述CAPP的實現(xiàn)方法,完成CAPP的實現(xiàn)方法;
3.編制零件的編碼系統(tǒng);
4.完成專用夾具的設(shè)計總圖及零件圖;
5.完成二萬字的畢業(yè)論文及5000字的譯文。
摘要
這次我畢業(yè)設(shè)計的課題就是基于CAPP的箱體加工工藝及專用夾具設(shè)計。先針對箱體零件的特點設(shè)計工藝規(guī)程,再設(shè)計專用夾具,最后對箱體零件進(jìn)行分類編碼。
CAPP是通過向計算機(jī)輸入被加工零件的原始數(shù)據(jù),加工條件和加工要求,由計算機(jī)自動地進(jìn)行編碼,編程直至最后輸出經(jīng)過優(yōu)化的工藝規(guī)程卡片的過程。計算機(jī)輔助工藝規(guī)劃常是聯(lián)結(jié)計算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(CAD)和計算機(jī)輔助制造(CAM)的橋梁。
在制造業(yè)信息化環(huán)境中,工藝設(shè)計是生產(chǎn)技術(shù)準(zhǔn)備工作的第一步,工藝規(guī)程是進(jìn)行工裝設(shè)計制造和決定零件加工方法與加工路線的主要依據(jù),它對組織生產(chǎn)、保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量、提高勞動生產(chǎn)率、降低成本、縮短生產(chǎn)周期及改善勞動條件等都有直接的影響,是生產(chǎn)中的關(guān)鍵工作。工藝知識是制造企業(yè)中重要的知識資源之一,是使產(chǎn)品設(shè)計變?yōu)槌善返恼麄制造過程中的基礎(chǔ)資源,它對保證產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量以及提高企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)效益具有十分重要的作用。
夾具的快速設(shè)計與制造,己經(jīng)成為產(chǎn)品快速變換和制造系統(tǒng)新建成或重構(gòu)后運(yùn)行的瓶頸,嚴(yán)重地影響制造系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計建造周期、系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)率、質(zhì)量和成本。專用夾具的使用,一方面縮短了工序時間,降低了加工成本;另一方面,夾具本身的設(shè)計制造工時、材料消耗等又增加了工件的成本。因此,在何種生產(chǎn)條件下使用哪種類型的夾具才是經(jīng)濟(jì)合理的,也就是夾具的經(jīng)濟(jì)性,一直都是夾具結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)展和設(shè)計的一個主要問題。
關(guān)鍵詞:CAPP;工藝設(shè)計;專用夾具
Abstract
This my Graduation Design is based on the CAPP XZ25.50 box of technological procedure and Special fixture design. First direcated against the peculiarity of the parts case design technological procedure,and design the special fixture, finally classification coding parts box.
CAPP, through the importation of computer parts were processing the raw data, processing conditions and processing requirements, carried out automatically by computer coding, programming optimized output until the end of the process of order card process. Computer-aided process planning is often linked computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) as a bridge.
The manufacturing industry becoming an information based society environment, the process planning produces is the first step in the technology preparatory work, the process planning is carries on the work clothes design to make and to decide the components processing method with processes the route the main basis, it produces, guarantee product quality, the enhancement labor productivity to the organization, reduces the cost, reduces the production cycle and the improvement work condition and so on all has the direct influence, is in the production key work. The craft knowledge is makes in the enterprise one of important knowledge resources, is causes the product design to become the end product in the entire manufacture process foundation resources, it to guaranteed the product quality as well as enhances the enterprise economical technology benefit to have the extremely vital role.
The fast design and the manufacture, oneself after becomes the product fast transformation and the manufacture system completes the bottleneck newly which or the heavy construction moves, seriously affects manufacture system the design construction cycle, the system productivity, the quality and the cost. Unit clamp use, on the one hand reduced the working procedure time, reduced the processing cost; On the other hand, the jig itself design manufacture man-hour, the material consumption and so on increased the work piece cost. Therefore, which kind of type uses under what kind of working condition the jig is the economy reasonable, also is the jig efficiency, continuously all is the jig structure development and a design main question.
Keywords CAPP Process Design Special Fixtur
目 錄
1緒論 1
2 零件加工工藝規(guī)程 3
2.1概述 3
2.2零件的作用 3
2.3 零件的工藝分析 3
2.4確定工藝方案的原則及注意問題 3
2.4.1粗、精加工分開原則 3
2.4.2工序集中與分散的原則 4
2.4.3制定工藝方案應(yīng)注意的其它問題 5
2.5工藝規(guī)程的設(shè)計 5
2.5.1確定毛坯材料及尺寸 5
2.5.2定位基準(zhǔn)的選擇 5
2.5.3制定工藝路線 6
2.6工序尺寸的基本要求 7
2.7 確定切削用量和基本工時 8
2.8 切削用量的選擇依據(jù) 22
2.8.1銑削 22
2.8.2鉆孔 22
2.8.3擴(kuò)孔和鉸孔 23
2.8.機(jī)床精度及機(jī)床參數(shù) 23
2.9 各種加工工藝和加工方法 24
2.9.1平面加工工藝 24
2.9.3螺紋加工工藝 24
2.10常用工藝主要工序能達(dá)到的精度和表面粗糙度 24
2.10.1平面加工 24
2.10.2螺紋孔加工 25
3 專用夾具的設(shè)計 26
3.1 對銑床夾具體的要求 26
3.2 夾具體的毛坯結(jié)構(gòu) 26
3.3夾具元件的選擇與設(shè)計 26
3.4 專用夾具的設(shè)計步驟 27
3.5 繪制夾具總裝配圖 27
3.6 標(biāo)注夾具總裝配圖上個部分尺寸和技術(shù)要求。 28
3.7 夾具公差配合的制訂 28
3.7.1 制訂夾具公差與技術(shù)條件的依據(jù) 28
3.7.2 制定夾具公差和技術(shù)條件的基本原則 28
3.8夾具公差的制訂 29
3.9 夾具技術(shù)條件的制訂 29
3.10夾具設(shè)計部分的計算 29
3.10.1基準(zhǔn)的選擇 29
3.10.2切削夾緊力的計算 29
3.10.3定位誤差的分析 30
4 零件編碼系統(tǒng) 33
4.1零件編碼系統(tǒng)的概念 33
4.2零件分類編碼系統(tǒng)的要求 34
4.3零件分類編碼系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計和選擇 34
4.4零件的分類成組技術(shù) 34
4.4.1編碼分類法 34
4.4.2生產(chǎn)流程分析法 35
總結(jié) 38
致謝 39
參考文獻(xiàn) 40
附錄 41
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